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1.
Arq. Ciênc. Vet. Zool. UNIPAR (Online) ; 26(1cont): 152-166, jan.-jun. 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1437898

ABSTRACT

As leveduras são fungos de importância à medicina veterinária por causarem doenças infecciosas em diferentes hospedeiros animais. A presente revisão de literatura teve como objetivo relatar os principais testes bioquímicos capazes de auxiliar na identificação de fungos leveduriformes de interesse veterinário e zoonótico. Para o levantamento bibliográfico, foram consideradas 48 publicações científicas selecionadas na área e indexadas nas principais bases de dados, entre os anos de 1988 e 2020. Como resultados, observou-se que oito provas são as mais empregadas na rotina micológica. Devido à baixa variabilidade morfológica das espécies leveduriformes, testes bioquímicos complementares são fundamentais na rotina laboratorial. A análise do perfil bioquímico de leveduras contribui na determinação taxonômica dos fungos a partir de reações químicas, visto que o metabolismo varia de acordo com a espécie, resultando em metabólitos distintos, os quais podem ser avaliados por diferentes provas. Conclui-se que a identificação fenotípica das leveduras é imprescindível no diagnóstico, prognóstico, tratamento e controle de doenças fúngicas e contribui para a manutenção da saúde animal.(AU)


Yeasts are fungi of importance to veterinary medicine because they cause infectious diseases in different animal hosts. This literature review aimed to report the main biochemical tests capable of assisting in the identification of yeast-like fungi of veterinary and zoonotic interest. For the bibliographical survey, 48 selected scientific publications in the area and indexed in the main databases, between the years 1988 and 2020, were considered. As a result, it was observed that eight tests are the most used in the mycological routine. Due to the low morphological variability of yeast species, complementary biochemical tests are fundamental in the laboratory routine. The analysis of the biochemical profile of yeast contributes to the taxonomic determination of fungi based on chemical reactions, since the metabolism varies according to the species, resulting in different metabolites, which can be evaluated by different tests. It is concluded that the phenotypic identification of yeasts is essential in the diagnosis, prognosis, treatment and control of fungal diseases and contributes to the maintenance of animal health.(AU)


Las levaduras son hongos de importancia para la medicina veterinaria porque causan enfermedades infecciosas en diferentes animales huéspedes. Esta revisión de la literatura tuvo como objetivo informar las principales pruebas bioquímicas capaces de ayudar en la identificación de hongos tipo levadura de interés veterinario y zoonótico. Para el levantamiento bibliográfico se consideraron 48 publicaciones científicas seleccionadas en el área e indexadas en las principales bases de datos, entre los años 1988 y 2020. Como resultado se observó que ocho pruebas son las más utilizadas en la rutina micológica. Debido a la baja variabilidad morfológica de las especies de levaduras, las pruebas bioquímicas complementarias son fundamentales en la rutina del laboratorio. El análisis del perfil bioquímico de la levadura contribuye a la determinación taxonómica de los hongos en base a reacciones químicas, ya que el metabolismo varía según la especie, dando como resultado diferentes metabolitos, los cuales pueden ser evaluados mediante diferentes pruebas. Se concluye que la identificación fenotípica de levaduras es fundamental en el diagnóstico, pronóstico, tratamiento y control de enfermedades fúngicas y contribuye al mantenimiento de la salud animal.(AU)


Subject(s)
Yeasts/classification , Biochemical Phenomena , Biomarkers/analysis
2.
Más Vita ; 3(4): 41-50, dic. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1355020

ABSTRACT

El embarazo adolescente se ha determinado como un problema social y costoso para el país. De acuerdo con el Plan Nacional de Salud Sexual y Reproductiva, Ecuador mantiene la tasa más alta de embarazos en adolescentes correspondientes a edades entre 10 a 19 años, ubicándose como el tercer país a nivel regional, después de Nicaragua y República Dominicana. Objetivo: Analizar los factores que inciden en las complicaciones prenatales en las adolescentes atendidas en el Hospital IESS Milagro, periodo 2020. Metodología: Se empleó un estudio observacional, retrospectivo y de tipo descriptivo; adicional, la investigación fue de carácter no experimental y de corte transversal. La población estuvo conformada por aquellas adolescentes 664 que fueron atendidas en el período previamente establecido generando una muestra de 100 adolescentes, determinando como muestra aquellas que cuentan con al menos siete meses de gestación. La técnica empleada fue la encuesta, bajo el instrumento de cuestionario, conformado por 36 preguntas, donde se indagaron variables sociodemográficas, hábitos nocivos, consumo alimenticio, adherencia, complicaciones prenatales y el apoyo familiar y de pareja. Resultados: Dentro de los resultados más importantes, se determinan los siguientes: adolescentes entre los 15 a 19 años (71%), no cuenta con pareja (76%), son amas de casa (79%), complicaciones durante el embarazo (79%), amenaza de aborto (24%), alimentación inadecuada (22%), entorno donde se consume tabaco y alcohol (83%), no se presentaron a los controles (69%); apoyo de la familia (49% buena) y apoyo de la pareja (34% regular). Conclusiones: Se concluye que la edad influye en la manifestación de complicaciones prenatales, se incluyen además aspectos como la educación, convivencia, pareja, actividades de la adolescente, hábitos nocivos, alimentación, adherencia y el apoyo familiar y de pareja. Se desarrolló como propuesta una guía de intervención educativa con la finalidad de reducir las complicaciones prenatales en las adolescentes embarazadas atendidas en el Hospital IESS Milagro(AU)


Adolescent pregnancy has been determined as a social and costly problem for the country. According to the National Plan for Sexual and Reproductive Health, Ecuador maintains the highest rate of adolescent pregnancies corresponding to ages 10 to 19, ranking as the third country at the regional level, after Nicaragua and the Dominican Republic. Objective: to analyze the factors that affect prenatal complications in adolescents treated at the IESS Milagro Hospital, period 2020. Methodology: an observational, retrospective and descriptive study was used; Additionally, the research was non-experimental and cross-sectional. The population consisted of 664 adolescents who were cared for in the previously established period, generating a sample of 100 adolescents, determining as a sample those who have at least seven months of gestation. The technique used was the survey, under the questionnaire instrument, made up of 36 questions, where sociodemographic variables, harmful habits, food consumption, adherence, prenatal complications, and family and partner support were investigated. Results: Among the most important results, the following are determined: adolescents between the ages of 15 and 19 (71%), do not have a partner (76%), are housewives (79%), complications during pregnancy (79 %), threatened abortion (24%), inadequate nutrition (22%), environment where tobacco and alcohol are consumed (83%), they did not appear for controls (69%); family support (49% good) and partner support (34% fair). Conclusions: It is concluded that age influences the manifestation of prenatal complications, aspects such as education, coexistence, couple, activities of the adolescent, harmful habits, food, adherence and family and partner support are also included. An educational intervention guide was developed as a proposal in order to reduce prenatal complications in pregnant adolescents treated at the IESS Milagro Hospital(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adolescent , Pregnancy Complications , Pregnancy in Adolescence , Socioeconomic Factors , Adolescent Nutrition , Alcohol Drinking , Public Health , Feeding Behavior , Tobacco Use
3.
Más Vita ; 3(3): 53-60, sept. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1355242

ABSTRACT

El triaje ayuda a clasificar, seleccionar al individuo de acuerdo a la condición de salud que mantenga la persona, actuando el personal de enfermería como la pieza principal gracias a la valoración céfalo caudal y a través de los signos vitales, priorizando siempre la afectación del paciente. Objetivo: Describir la importancia del triaje, como puerta de entrada al nivel hospitalario. Materiales y métodos: Este artículo fue realizado bajo los parámetros de la revisión documental, de nivel descriptivo, monográfico. La técnica aplicada fue el fichaje bibliográfico y el análisis sistemático de los documentos encontrados en la web. Resultados: El proceso de triaje, se da cuando un evento de emergencia supera los recursos de un centro hospitalario. Este proceso, es lo que determina a priori, la situación del paciente, clasificándolos según la prioridad de atención que requiere. Conclusión: El triaje es un proceso importante ante las emergencias, porque permite optimizar lo recursos y las atenciones a las personas afectadas garantizando el tratamiento adecuado y necesario en el momento indicado(AU)


Subject(s)
Triage , Emergencies , Emergency Service, Hospital , Patient Admission , Emergency Medicine , Patient Care
4.
Fisioter. Bras ; 22(3): 346-364, Jul 15, 2021.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1284346

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A universalidade, a equidade e a integralidade são os pilares do Sistema Único de Saúde que normatizam o acesso à saúde no país. Dentro do escopo da integralidade, está a assistência à população de Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais e Transgêneros (LGBT+), que ainda é vitimada pelo preconceito e discriminação no atendimento de suas demandas em saúde. No campo da Fisioterapia, é necessário dar evidência a essa temática como uma estratégia de visibilidade e problematização sobre a necessidade do respeito à diversidade sexual e de gênero. Objetivo: Discutir o papel da formação acadêmica em Fisioterapia no atendimento às demandas em saúde da população LGBT+. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo do tipo exploratório, transversal e descritivo, realizado com estudantes de graduação em Fisioterapia por meio de um questionário. Resultados: Os resultados apontaram lacunas em relação à temática na formação acadêmica, indicando a necessidade de inclusão de conteúdos acadêmicos relacionadas à saúde da população LGBT+ na graduação em Fisioterapia. Conclusão: Os conteúdos acadêmicos relacionados à saúde da população LGBT+ são escassos durante a graduação em Fisioterapia. Esta é uma realidade que necessita ser reformulada, pois pode tornar-se um ambiente favorável à desconstrução de dúvidas e preconceitos, além do preparo para a assistência. (AU)


Introduction: Universality, equity and comprehensiveness are the pillars of the Unified Health System that regulate access to health in Brazil. Within the scope of comprehensiveness, there is assistance to the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT+) population, who are still victimized by prejudice and discrimination in meeting their health demands. In the field of Physical therapy, it is necessary to give evidence to this theme as a strategy of visibility and questioning about the need to respect sexual and gender diversity. Objective: To discuss the role of academic education in Physical therapy in meeting the health demands of the LGBT+ population. Methods: It is exploratory, cross-sectional and descriptive study, conducted with Physical therapy students through a questionnaire. Results: The results showed gaps in relation to the theme in academic education, indicating the need to include academic content related to health of the LGBT+ population in undergraduate Physical therapy. Conclusion: Academic content related to health of the LGBT+ population is punctual and rare during the Physical therapy undergraduate course. This is a reality that needs to be reformulated, as it can become a favorable environment for deconstructing doubts and prejudices, in addition to preparing for assistance. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Physical Therapy Modalities , Sexual and Gender Minorities , Human Rights
5.
Rev. cuba. cir ; 59(3): e961, jul.-set. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1144436

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: La ultrasonografía es un procedimiento que utiliza ondas de sonido de alta energía para estudiar tejidos y órganos, formándose imágenes que permiten diagnosticar enfermedades. La eficacia en su implementación es útil para determinar acciones de intervención en procesos de salud. Objetivo: Determinar la eficacia del uso de la ultrasonografía asociada a características clínicas y epidemiológicas en pacientes con dolor abdominal agudo por apendicitis en el Centro Médico "Popular" Vinces. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio correlacional, descriptivo, de cohorte retrospectivo realizado durante 7 meses (enero a julio del 2019). La población estuvo constituida por 162 pacientes, se incluyó, además, a derivados con dolor abdominal agudo diagnosticados con apendicitis a través de la clínica y/o ultrasonografía del Centro Médico "Popular" Vinces. Resultados: De los 162 pacientes observados se intervinieron 157, diagnóstico anatomopatológico de apendicitis en 130. La sensibilidad de la ecografía con criterio de certeza y sospecha fue 96,7 por ciento. La muestra aleatoria piloto contenía 162 participantes de un total de 180 pacientes, mujeres (16,67 por ciento) y hombres (83,33 por ciento). Conclusiones: Se demostró que la ecografía abdominal es el método diagnóstico eficaz, de elección para este estudio por su sensibilidad y criterio de certeza, fácil acceso y costo mínimo, permitiéndose un control adecuado y seguimiento preventivo de las complicaciones, más aún en los casos, con cuadro clínico y laboratorio dudoso, con el fin de evitar posibles complicaciones y reducir los costos económicos durante su diagnóstico(AU)


ABSTRACT Introduction: This article is an extensive review of the different aspects of this pathology, acute appendicitis despite being the first cause of emergency abdominal surgery, the delay in diagnosis implies an increase in surgical interventions with perforated appendices and, therefore, an increase in morbidity and mortality. Objective: To present the results of the efficacy of the use of ultrasonography associated with clinical and epidemiological characteristics in patients with acute abdominal pain due to appendicitis at the "popular" Medical Center Vinces-Ecuador. Methods: A correlational, descriptive, Retrospective cohort study conducted for 7 months (January to July 2019), in which the study population included patients referred with acute abdominal pain diagnosed with appendicitis through the clinic and / or ultrasonography of the "popular" Vinces Medical Center, Ecuador. This population is constituted by 162 patients. Results: Of the 162 patients observed, 157 underwent surgery, an anatomopathological diagnosis of appendicitis in 130. The sensitivity of the ultrasound with criteria of certainty and suspicion was 96.7 percent. The pilot random sample contained 162 participants out of a total of 180 patients, women (16.67 percent) and men (83, 33 percent). Conclusion: it was shown that abdominal ultrasound is the effective diagnostic method of choice for this study because of its sensitivity and certainty, easy access and minimal cost, allowing adequate control and preventive monitoring of complications, even more so in cases, with symptoms. clinical and laboratory doubtful, in order to avoid possible complications and reduce economic costs during diagnosis(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Appendicitis/diagnosis , Abdominal Pain/diagnostic imaging , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies , Cohort Studies
6.
Bol. malariol. salud ambient ; 60(1): 84-90, jul 2020. tab.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1509503

ABSTRACT

La tuberculosis pulmonar constituye una enfermedad de salud pública en el territorio ecuatoriano en expansión que provoca muerte y sufrimiento para la población. El objetivo del estudio es caracterizar la tuberculosis pulmonar en individuos mayores de 15 años que asisten al Hospital de Día "Dr. Efrén Jurado López" de la ciudad de Guayaquil. Se realizó una investigación cuantitativa, descriptiva, retrospectiva. La muestra de estudio quedó conformada por 58 pacientes de ambos géneros mayores de 15 años, diagnosticados con tuberculosis en todas sus formas, atendidos en el contexto de estudio entre enero 2017 y enero de 2018. En la recolección de la información se aplicó una ficha de observación validada por expertos con previo consentimiento informado de los pacientes estudiados. Como resultados se obtuvo que el 72,4% eran del sexo masculino y el 27,6% femenino. El predominio de diagnóstico presentado fue sintomático TBP BK+ en un 100%. Por otra parte para el diagnóstico por TBP cultivo + fue 87,9% (51/58) y TBP cultivo- de 12,1% (7/58). Por otra parte la TB EP fue de 25,9% (15/58) con predominio en el sexo masculino 80%, las formas de tuberculosis y la comorbilidad asociada al al Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH), se observó una frecuencia de 6,9% (4/58) de personas con TB que tenían VIH, de las cuales el 5,2% correspondían a casos de VIH con tuberculosis extra pulmonar y 1,7% a casos de TBP BK+/VIH. Se debe continuar trabajando en la búsqueda de TB en pacientes sintomáticos respiratorios para un diagnóstico oportuno(AU)


Characterization of pulmonary tuberculosis in teenagers older than 15 years in thedr.Efrénjuradolópez day time hospital. Pulmonary tuberculosis is a public health disease in the expanding Ecuadorian territory that causes death and suffering for the population. The objective of the study is to characterize pulmonary tuberculosis in individuals over 15 years of age attending the "Dr. Efrén Jurado López" Day Hospital in the city of Guayaquil. A quantitative, descriptive, retrospective investigation was carried out. The study sample consisted of 58 patients of both genders over 15 years of age, diagnosed with tuberculosis in all its forms, treated in the context of the study between January 2017 and January 2018. A data sheet was applied in the collection of information observation validated by experts with prior informed consent of the patients studied. As a result, it was obtained that 72.4% were male and 27.6% female. The prevalence of diagnosis presented was symptomatic TBP BK + in 100%. On the other hand for the diagnosis by TBP culture + it was 87.9% (51/58) and TBP culture- of 12.1% (7/58). On the other hand, the TB TB was 25.9% (15/58) with a predominance in the male sex 80%, the forms of tuberculosis and the comorbidity associated with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), a frequency of 6 was observed, 9% (4/58) of people with TB who had HIV, of which 5.2% corresponded to HIV cases with extra pulmonary tuberculosis and 1.7% to cases of BK + / HIV TBP. Work should continue in the search for TB in symptomatic respiratory patients for a timely diagnosis(AU)


Subject(s)
Female , Pregnancy , Adolescent , Young Adult , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/diagnosis , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/etiology , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/epidemiology , HIV Infections/diagnosis , Ecuador/epidemiology
7.
Arch. Clin. Psychiatry (Impr.) ; 47(2): 35-39, Mar.-Apr. 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1130975

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background Parents and teachers can be valuable sources of information for characterizing children's ADHD-related impairments in different environments. However, evidence indicated that those categories of informants often provide conflicting responses in formal assessment scales, which may challenge diagnostic decisions regarding the condition. Objective: We aimed to investigate reliability rates between parents and teachers of children and adolescents with and without ADHD using SNAP IV. Methods 199 children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 years were evaluated for ADHD symptoms using parent-rated and teacher-rated SNAP IV scales. Intraclass correlation coefficients were analyzed for ADHD domains (inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity), as well as for defiant-oppositional behavior. Results Reports from parents and teachers showed low reliability for all ADHD domains. Parents' scores on the SNAP IV were higher than those of teachers. Parents and teachers provided highly discrepant responses concerning to the presence and severity of ADHD in children and adolescents, which might result from intrinsic aspects related to their daily functioning in different settings. Discussion Clinicians should consider those trends in parental and teachers' responses when interpreting results from informant-based instruments for detecting ADHD.

8.
Rev. cuba. invest. bioméd ; 38(2): 153-169, abr.-jun. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1093397

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La percepción de los usuarios es el resultado de la aplicación de los principios de calidad, equidad, eficiencia y calidez. La evaluación y la satisfacción desde la perspectiva y expectativa del usuario ofrecen un mejoramiento en la atención a los servicios de salud. Objetivo: Determinar la percepción de los usuarios sobre la calidad de atención en el Centro de Salud CAI III, Milagro 2018. Métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, de corte transversal. Se estudió una muestra representativa de 370 habitantes del cantón Milagro en la provincia del Guayas, aplicándose la encuesta de escala multidimensional SERVQUAL, se midió y relacionó la percepción y expectativas del usuario, con respecto a la calidad de atención. Resultados: Mediante la investigación se obtuvo como resultado un 48 por ciento en expectativa y 48 por ciento en percepción, identificándose una satisfacción de nivel medio. Conclusiones: La calidad de atención del Centro de Salud CAI III tiene una satisfacción regular de acuerdo al modelo SERVQUAL, los usuarios perciben que falta mejorar la infraestructura del Centro de Salud, y la empatía del personal hacia a los usuarios. De acuerdo con los resultados se requiere mejorar la calidad del servicio para obtener una calificación de excelencia, generando la satisfacción de la ciudadanía como indicador imprescindible de calidad en la atención en salud(AU)


Introduction: User's perception is the result of the application of principles of quality, equity, efficiency and warmth. Evaluation and satisfaction from the perspective and expectations of users lead to improvement in health care quality. Objective: Determine the user's perception of quality of care in the CAI III health center, Milagro Canton, 2018. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted of a representative sample of 370 inhabitants from Milagro Canton in Guayas Province, based on the SERVQUAL multidimensional scale survey. User's perception and expectations were measured and related to quality of care. Results: According to the analysis performed, expectation is 48 percent and perception is also 48 percent, with satisfaction identified as mid-level. Conclusions: Satisfaction with the quality of care in CAI III health center is fair, according to the SERVQUAL model. Users perceive that improvement is required in both the infrastructure of the center and the empathy of the personnel. Results point to the need to improve the quality of services to obtain a score of excellence, thus generating citizen satisfaction as an indispensable indicator of quality of health care(AU)

9.
Dement. neuropsychol ; 13(1): 89-96, Jan.-Mar. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-989671

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT. The Von Restorff (isolation) effect refers to a stimulus that is more likely to be remembered amongst other stimuli in memory tasks. It has been demonstrated with different age ranges and methodologies. Objective: To investigate: a) the presence of the isolation effect in elders tested with the new Brazilian Portuguese version of the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Task (RAVLT) in which a word with potential emotional weight (mother) was introduced; b) whether isolation effects persist in memory disorders of different degrees of severity (Mild Cognitive Impairment [MCI]; Alzheimer's Dementia [AD]). Methods: The RAVLT was administered to 287 consecutive volunteers. Individuals underwent medical and neuropsychological evaluation and were further sub-grouped into normal controls (n=114), MCI (n=87) and AD (n=86) patients. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Chi-squared tests were performed. Post-hoc Tukey analysis was conducted to assess significance of group differences. Results: There were significant group effects on the learning curve. A W-shape - instead of the classical U-shape - was found for the serial position curve in all groups. Conclusion: The new Brazilian version of the RAVLT exhibited the Von Restorff effect, where this phenomenon was evident not only in older adults but also patients with MCI and AD, providing further psychometric measures for inter-group analyses.


RESUMO. Efeito de von Restorff (efeito de isolamento) refere-se ao estímulo que é mais facilmente lembrado em relação a outros em tarefas de memória. Tal efeito foi demonstrado em diferentes faixas etárias com diferentes metodologias. Objetivo: Investigar: a) presença do efeito de isolamento numa população idosa avaliada com a nova versão brasileira do Teste de Aprendizagem Auditivo-Verbal de Rey (RAVLT), em que uma palavra com potencial carga emocional ('mãe') foi introduzida; b) se o efeito de isolamento persiste em distúrbios de memória de diferentes gravidades (Comprometimento Cognitivo Leve [MCI]; Demência de Alzheimer [AD]). Métodos: RAVLT foi aplicado em 287 voluntários. Indivíduos participaram de avaliações médica e neuropsicológica e foram posteriormente agrupados em controles normais (n=114), MCI (n=87) e DA (n=86). Análises de variância e testes de Chi-quadrado foram realizados. Análises post-hoc foram conduzidas para avaliar diferenças de características entre os grupos. Resultados: Observaram-se efeitos significativos de grupo na curva de aprendizagem. Todos os grupos apresentaram curva de posição serial em formato W - invés do clássico formato em U. Conclusão: A nova versão brasileira do RAVLT evidenciou um efeito de von Restorff. Tal fenômeno foi visto não apenas em idosos, mas também em pacientes com MCI e AD, fornecendo medidas psicométricas adicionais para análises de diferenças intergrupais.


Subject(s)
Humans , Memory and Learning Tests , Cognitive Dysfunction , Memory , Neuropsychological Tests
11.
J. vasc. bras ; 16(2): f:92-l:97, abr.-jun. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-859454

ABSTRACT

Contexto: A ultrassonografia vascular (UV) é o exame de escolha para estudar o sistema venoso superficial dos membros inferiores e mensurar o diâmetro das veias safenas, podendo ser utilizada como parâmetro para o planejamento cirúrgico. Objetivos: Identificar pela UV os diâmetros de veias safenas magnas sem refluxo em mulheres e sua relação com a idade, altura, Classificação Clínica, Etiologia, Anatomia e Fisiopatologia (CEAP) e índice de massa corporal (IMC). Métodos: Estudo transversal em mulheres com sintomas de IVC primária (C0, 1 ou 2), sem cirurgia prévia de varizes e sem refluxo detectado pela UV, nas quais foram mensurados os diâmetros da veia safena magna (VSM) na crossa, coxa e perna, que foram comparados com a idade, altura, classe clínica CEAP e IMC. Resultados: Foram avaliadas 353 mulheres, das quais 146 foram incluídas no estudo sendo 88 avaliadas unilateralmente e 58 bilateralmente. Os diâmetros encontrados para a VSM sem refluxo foram de aproximadamente 6,5 mm na crossa, 4,0 mm na coxa proximal, 3.0 mm na coxa médio-distal e joelho e 2,5 mm na perna. Em todos os segmentos mensurados houve diferença estatisticamente significativa (p < 0,05) na correlação dos diâmetros com IMC. Não houve diferença estatística na correlação da medida dos diâmetros com classe CEAP, altura e idade das pacientes. Conclusões: Observou-se que os diâmetros de veias safenas magnas sem refluxo independem da classe clínica CEAP 0 ou 1 e 2; da idade e da altura das pacientes. Entretanto, os diâmetros da VSM se relacionam significativamente com o IMC das pacientes


Background: Vascular ultrasonography (VU) is the examination of choice for studying the superficial venous system of the lower limbs and using VU to measure the diameters of saphenous veins could provide parameters for planning surgery. Objectives: To employ VU to identify the diameters of great saphenous veins free from reflux in women and determine their relationships with age, height, CEAP classification, and body mass index (BMI). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in women with symptoms of primary chronic venous insufficiency (CEAP C0, 1, or 2) with no previous varicose vein surgery and no reflux detected by VU. The diameters of great saphenous veins (GSV) at the junction, thigh, and leg were measured with VU and correlated with age, height, CEAP clinical classification, and BMI. Results: We assessed 204 limbs in 146 women. The GSV diameters measured were 6.5 mm at the saphenofemoral junction, 4.0 mm at the proximal thigh, 3.0 mm at the mid thigh, distal thigh, and knee and 2.5 mm at the leg. In all segments measured, there were statistically significant differences (p<0.05) when diameters were correlated with BMI. There were no statistically significant differences when diameters were correlated with CEAP class, height, or age. Conclusions: We observed that the diameters of great saphenous veins free from reflux were independent of CEAP clinical classes 0/1 or 2; age; and height. However, GSV diameters were significantly related to patients' BML


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Saphenous Vein/abnormalities , Ultrasonography/methods , Women , Age Factors , Body Height , Body Mass Index , Cross-Sectional Studies , Lower Extremity , Sex Factors , Venous Insufficiency/complications
12.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 48(5): 560-567, Sept.-Oct. 2015. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-763329

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION:The aim of this study was quantify annexin A1 expression in macrophages and cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) + and cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8)+ T cells from the skin of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (n=55) and correlate with histopathological aspects.METHODS:Infecting species were identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism, and expression of annexin A1 was analyzed by immunofluorescence.RESULTS:All patients (n = 55) were infected with Leishmania braziliensis . Annexin A1 was expressed more abundantly in CD163 + macrophages in infected skin (p < 0.0001) than in uninfected skin. In addition, macrophages in necrotic exudative reaction lesions expressed annexin A1 at higher levels than those observed in granulomatous (p < 0.01) and cellular lesions p < 0.05). This difference might be due to the need to clear both parasites and necrotic tissue from necrotic lesions. CD4 + cells in cellular lesions expressed annexin A1 more abundantly than did those in necrotic (p < 0.05) and granulomatous lesions (p < 0.01). Expression in CD8 + T cells followed the same trend. These differences might be due to the pervasiveness of lymphohistiocytic and plasmacytic infiltrate in cellular lesions.CONCLUSIONS:Annexin A1 is differentially expressed in CD163 + macrophages and T cells depending on the histopathological features of Leishmania -infected skin, which might affect cell activation.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Annexin A1/metabolism , Leishmania/classification , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/metabolism , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/pathology , Annexin A1/analysis , Cross-Sectional Studies , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/parasitology , Macrophages/metabolism , Macrophages/parasitology , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
13.
Acta sci., Health sci ; 37(2): 189-196, jul.-dez. 2015. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-832105

ABSTRACT

The study aims to analyze the efficacy of the exclusive self -monitoring of the fasting capillary blood glucose in the control and treatment of diabetic patients. This is a quasi-experimental study, for which five individuals with diabetes were selected, who perform only the fasting capillary blood glucose monitoring, being added about seven other measurements, a variable number according to the individual availability of the volunteer, at different times throughout the day. It was verified that four individuals presented blood glucose values by the use of the fasting capillary blood glucose monitoring, within the parameters of normality for diabetics, between 70-130 mg dL-1 of blood (ADA, 2014b), although in the other measurements, they presented values far from the ideal goal, in a significant part of the time. The study outlines a trend that shows that the glycemic monitoring values based solely on the fasting capillary blood glucose is ineffective, since they can erroneously indicate satisfactory control of the blood glucose levels. Based on the results obtained, to a more effective monitoring and which denotes levels of reliability, it is required at least three measurements of capillary blood glucose throughout the day, and also, the importance of long laboratory tests for glycemic monitoring, such as glycated hemoglobin.


O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a eficácia do automonitoramento exclusivo da glicemia capilar de jejum no controle e no tratamento de pacientes diabéticos. Trata-se de um estudo quase experimental, para o qual foram selecionados cinco indivíduos portadores de diabetes que realizam apenas o monitoramento da glicemia capilar de jejum e acrescentaram cerca de outras sete medições, número variável de acordo com a disponibilidade individual do voluntário, em diferentes horários ao longo do dia. Verificou- se que quatro indivíduos apresentaram os valores glicêmicos pelo monitoramento da glicemia capilar de jejum dentro dos parâmetros de normalidade para os diabéticos, entre 70 ­ 130 mg dL-1 de sangue (ADA, 2014b), apesar de nas outras medições apresentarem, em parte significativa das vezes, valores fora da meta ideal. Logo, o estudo traça uma tendência que mostra que o acompanhamento glicêmico baseado exclusivamente nos valores de glicemia capilar de jejum é ineficaz, uma vez que pode erroneamente indicar controle satisfatório dos níveis glicêmicos. Mediante os resultados obtidos, para um monitoramento mais efetivo e que denote níveis de confiabilidade é necessário de pelo menos três medições de glicemia capilar ao longo do dia e, também, a importância de exames laboratoriais de acompanhamento glicêmico longo, como a hemoglobina glicada.


Subject(s)
Humans , Blood Glucose , Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring , Fasting , Diabetes Mellitus , Efficiency
14.
Acta ortop. bras ; 23(3): 129-133, May-Jun/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-748140

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Avaliar a função do músculo subescapular por meio da forçaisométrica, do exame clínico e da análise da infiltração gordurosa nospacientes com luxação anterior recidivante do ombro submetidos àcirurgia de Latarjet-Patte. Métodos: Foram avaliados 38 pacientesoperados entre março de 2011 e março de 2012, com seguimentomínimo de dois anos, 26 do gênero masculino e 12 do feminino, comidade média de 28,7 anos. A força isométrica foi aferida utilizando--se um dinamômetro portátil e medindo-se a distância da mão aodorso durante o teste lift-off.


Objective: To evaluate the function of the subscapularis muscle bymeans of isometric strength, clinical examination and analysis offatty infiltration in patients with recurrent anterior dislocation of theshoulder undergoing Latarjet-Patte surgery. Methods: 38 patientsoperated on from March 2011 to March 2012, with minimum follow--up of two years were evaluated, being 26 males and 12 females,with a mean age of 28.7 years old. Isometric strength was measuredusing a portable dynamometer and measuring the distance fromthe back of the hand during the lift-off test.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Isometric Contraction , Shoulder Dislocation/surgery , Muscle Strength , Orthopedics/methods
15.
Int. j. morphol ; 30(3): 866-869, Sept. 2012. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-665493

ABSTRACT

Clinical and surgical importance of the levator scapulae muscle (LSM) requires a better knowledge of its anatomic variation mainly because of the possibility of new findings related to the embryologic development. This article reports a case of a left-sided LSM with atypical attachments in a 58-year-old preserved Caucasian female body. The muscle presented a bifurcation at its midpoint downward path. Its medial band attached to the anterior aspect of the left rhomboideus major muscle while its left band was fixed in the superior angle of the scapula after releasing a muscle expansion to the serratus anterior muscle. The morphometric analysis revealed LSM maximal width of 3.6 cm, bifurcation point located 6.6 cm apart from the C1 vertebral attachment; medial band legth of 5.7 cm and lateral band width of 2.1cm. Regarding anatomic variations of the LSM, they may remain unnoticed or perhaps contribute for pathologic conditions of the neck and the back...


Debido a la importancia clínica y quirúrgica del músculo elevador de la escápula, se hace necesario conocer mejor sus variaciones, principalmente la posibilidad de encontrar hallazgos relacionados con su desarrollo embriológico. Se presenta el caso de un músculo elevador de la escápula del lado izquierdo encontrado en un cadáver de sexo femenino de 58 años. El músculo elevador de la escáula presentaba una bifurcación en el punto medio en su trayectoria más baja. La banda medial se fijaba en la parte anterior del músculo romboides mayor izquierdo; mientras que su banda lateral se fijaba en el ángulo superior de la escápula después de enviar una expansión hasta el músculo serrato anterior. El análisis morfométrico reveló un ancho máximo de 3,6 cm, punto de bifurcación situado 6,6 cm bajo la inserción vertebral C1; longitudes de la banda medial 5,7 cm y lateral de 2,1cm. Las variaciones anatómicas del músculo elevador de la escápula pueden pasar inadvertidas, pero también pueden contribuir con algunas condiciones patológicas del cuello y espalda...


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Neck Muscles/anatomy & histology , Scapula , Cadaver , Neck Muscles/abnormalities
16.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 39(3): 207-210, maio-jun. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-643149

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: desenvolver um modelo experimental de isquemia global normotérmica transitória capaz de demonstrar os tempos de isquemia e reperfusão necessários para desenvolvimento de lesão de isquemia/reperfusão em intestinos delgados de ratos Wistar através clampeamento de aorta abdominal suprarrenal. MÉTODOS: Vinte ratos Wistar adultos machos, pesando entre 250 e 350g, foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em cinco grupos, com quatro ratos cada, e submetidos a tempos crescentes de isquemia (0 - 30 - 45 - 60 - 90 minutos). Dentro de cada grupo, à exceção do grupo controle, dois ratos foram submetidos à 60 minutos de reperfusão e dois à 90 minutos. Após os procedimentos, procedeu-se análise histológica através de medição de áreas de necrose. RESULTADOS: O grau de necrose intestinal variou de 15 a 54% (p=0,0004). Houve tendência de aumento progressivo no grau de lesão relacionado ao aumento no tempo de isquemia, contudo, os maiores graus de lesão foram observados nos menores tempos de reperfusão. A análise do coeficiente de variação de necrose entre os dez grupos de isquemia/reperfusão demonstrou diferença estatisticamente significante em 15 postos, sendo 13 relacionados ao grupo controle. CONCLUSÃO: O modelo foi capaz de demonstrar os tempos necessários para que ocorra lesão de isquemia/reperfusão intestinal através de clampeamento aórtico e poderá servir como base para facilitar o desenvolvimento de estudos voltados para a compreensão deste tipo de lesão.


OBJECTIVE: To develop an experimental model of global normothermic ischemia able to demonstrate the transient ischemia and reperfusion periods required for development of ischemia/reperfusion injury in the small intestines of Wistar rats by clamping the abdominal aorta. METHODS: Twenty adult male Wistar rats weighing 250-350g were randomly divided into five groups with four rats each and submitted to increasing times of ischemia (0 - 30 - 45 - 60 - 90 minutes). Within each group, except the control one, two rats underwent 60 minutes of reperfusion and two 90 minutes. After the procedures, histological analysis was conducted by measurement of areas of necrosis. RESULTS: The degree of intestinal necrosis ranged from 15% to 54% (p = 0.0004). There was progressive increase in the degree of injury related to increase in ischemic time. However, greater degrees of injury were observed in the lowest times of reperfusion. The analysis of the coefficient of variation of necrosis among the ten groups of ischemia/reperfusion showed a statistically significant difference in 15 areas, 13 related to the control group. CONCLUSION: The model was able to show the periods required for the occurrence of ischemia/reperfusion injury by aortic clamping and can serve as a basis to facilitate the development of studies that aim at understanding this kind of injury.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Disease Models, Animal , Ischemia , Mesentery/blood supply , Aorta, Abdominal , Constriction , Rats, Wistar , Reperfusion/methods
17.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 39(3): 216-221, maio-jun. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-643151

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Descrever um modelo experimental de lesão de isquemia/reperfusão hepática com manifestações sistêmicas, representadas pelo envolvimento pulmonar, que possa ser utilizado por aqueles que pretendem compreender esse fenômeno. MÉTODOS: Ratos Wistar machos (200-250g) foram usados. Quatorze foram alocados em dois grupos, sendo G1 com oito submetidos somente à laparotomia e G2, seis à isquemia e reperfusão hepática. As funções hepática (aminotransferases séricas, respiração mitocondrial, histologia) e pulmonar (teste do azul de Evans) foram analisadas. RESULTADOS: houve diferença estatística significativa entre G1 e G2 ao se comparar valores de AST (24,3 ± 108 e 5406 ± 2263), ALT (88,5 ± 28,5 e 5169 ± 2690), razão de controle respiratório (3,41 ± 0,17 e 1,91 ± 0,55) e relação ADP/O (1,93 ± 0,03 e 1,45 ± 0,27), lesões histológicas (necrose, células inflamatórias, hemorragia, microesteatose) e teste do azul de Evans (194,31 ± 53 e 491,8 ± 141). CONCLUSÃO: O modelo mostrou-se útil para o estudo de lesão de isquemia/reperfusão hepática.


OBJECTIVE: To describe an experimental model of hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury with systemic manifestations, represented by pulmonary involvement, which may be used by those who intend to comprehend this phenomenon. METHODS: Fourteen Male Wistar rats (200-250g) were allocated to two groups, G1 with eight rats submitted only to laparotomy and G2, six rats submitted to hepatic ischemia and reperfusion. Hepatic (serum aminotransferases, mitochondrial respiration, histology) and pulmonary (Evans blue test) functions were analyzed. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference (p< 0.05) between G1 and G2 comparing values of AST (24,3 ± 108 and 5406 ± 2263), ALT (88,5 ± 28,5 and 5169 ± 2690), respiratory control ratio (3,41 ± 0,17 and 1,91 ± 0,55) and ADP/O relation (1,93 ± 0,03 and 1,45 ± 0,27), histological lesions (necrosis, inflammatory cells, hemorrhage, microsteatosis) and Evans blue test (194,31 ± 53 and 491,8 ± 141). CONCLUSION: The model has proven useful to study hepatic I/R injury.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Disease Models, Animal , Liver/blood supply , Lung Diseases/etiology , Reperfusion Injury/complications , Rats, Wistar
18.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 70(1): 12-16, Jan. 2012. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-612657

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To determine, based on clinical criteria, the proportion of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients responsive to immunomodulators (RI) and nonresponsive to immunomodulators (NRI), and to ascertain whether clinical and epidemiological data differs between RI and NRI patient groups. METHODS: Patients were assessed on rate of exarcerbations per year, for the period before and after commencement of treatment. The RI and NRI groups were compared for several clinical and epidemiological characteristics. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: A total of 31.4 percent of the patients were nonresponders to the immunomodulatory treatment. The main predictors of immunomodulatory response were early diagnostic and commencement of therapy and high rate of annual exacerbations prior to treatment. Given the arsenal of medication options available for MS management, screening potential candidates for different therapeutic approaches are critical to optimize evolution of patients with the disease.


OBJETIVOS: Avaliar por meio de critérios clínicos, a proporção de pacientes com esclerose múltipla (EM) responsivos aos imunomoduladores (RI) e não responsivos aos imunomoduladores (NRI) e avaliar se dados clínicos e epidemiológicos são distintos nesses dois grupos. MÉTODOS: Os pacientes foram avaliados quanto à taxa de surtos por ano no período antes e após o início do tratamento. Diversas características clínicas e epidemiológicas foram comparadas entre os pacientes RI e NRI. DISCUSSÃO E CONCLUSÃO: Em nossa população, 31,4 por cento dos pacientes não responderam ao tratamento com os imunomoduladores. Os principais preditores de resposta aos imunomoduladores foram: diagnóstico e início precoce da terapia e elevada taxa de surtos anual antes do tratamento. Como existem várias opções medicamentosas disponíveis para o tratamento da EM, a identificação de candidatos potenciais para abordagens terapêuticas diferentes representa o ponto crucial para otimizar a evolução dos pacientes com essa doença.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use , Multiple Sclerosis/drug therapy , Age of Onset , Analysis of Variance , Brazil/epidemiology , Disease Progression , Multiple Sclerosis/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
20.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Fac. Med. Univ. Säo Paulo ; 41(4): 167-72, jul.-ago. 1986. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-38562

ABSTRACT

Descrevem-se as alteraçöes anatômicas mais importantes e os fatores que mais provavelmente säo responsáveis pelo Hallux valgus. Citam as técnicas cirúrgicas indicadas para certos grupos de pacientes, de acordo com suas idades e achados radiológicos de cada caso. Foram analisados seis tipos de cirurgias: 1) Operaçäo de Keller; 2) Operaçäo de Lapidus; 3) operaçäo de Keller associada à osteotomia da base do osso do 1§ metatarsiano; 4) artroplastia da articulaçäo metatarsofalangiana do hallux;5) número 4 associada à osteotomia da base do 1§ metatarsiano; e 6) operaçäo de Renaud-Valenti.Os autores operaram 351 pés em 201 pacientes. O seguimento de 237 pés, revelou 83,4% de bons resultados


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Hallux Valgus/surgery , Arthrodesis , Hallux Valgus/etiology , Osteotomy
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